GIT Version Control in Cpanel

Now in this modern age, everyone will be working through cloud for their projects. And mostly all will be using Git for cloning, forking projects and do updates. So am just trying explain how we can configure it in a cpanel. When am writing this, Iam of the consideration that, you will be having a valid github account, created your project repository in it.

Mostly We can create Github repositories as public and private. For public repositories, the git cloning will go smooth. But for Private projects we have to do some terminal operations to generate ssh keys for doing it.

STEPS

1) In Your Cpanel You should be having a Terminal Access. Make sure you have , talk with your server administrators for having it. You can create ssh key through interface also, but for this case, you will be needing the terminal.

2) In the Terminal , Just type like this:-

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "username@domain.com"

Make sure the bit is 4096. and  username you can replace it with your cpanel username and domain.com, replace it with your domain name. 

3)After you run this command, the system will prompt you to enter a passphrase. Do not enter a passphrase, and press Enter to continue.

4)Now key will be generated in the system. so Inorder to make sure that, its generated. run this:-

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

5) Now you will get an output like:-

ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nzawhdejsfdjhfgdjgfhjfdghjfhgjhjfdhgdfjhgjudfhgjikgfhgfhgfhfghhgfhgfhgfhgfhhgfhasftfgegdggdgdgd...

Copy this and store it somehere. These is your key.

6) Now we have to register key in Github.  For that go to the repository.click settings. and click on Deploy Keys menu.

7) You will see an Add Deploy Key option like this:-

8)After, clicking you will get a form like this:-

8)In the Title text box, enter a display name for the key.

9)In the Key text box, paste the entire SSH key.

10) If you want to push code from your cPanel account to your GitHub account, select the Allow write access checkbox.

11) Now in your cpanel, Go to GIT version control page. 

12) In the page coming, click on create button shown on the right side:-

13) Now a create page will come like this:-

In Clone  URL, enter the SSH details instead of https. That you can get from :-

repository path you can set to the domain directory u want to clone. and give a repository name for identification. Then click on create. Your repository will be successfuly created.

14) Now you can manage, the repository by visiting the git list.

After syncing..may be sometimes you dont want the connection setting files to upload everytime.. so after adding files to gitignore you can perform a command like:-

git rm -r --cached . && git add . && git commit -am "Remove ignored files"

or step by step

git rm -r --cached . 
git add .

git commit -am "Remove ignored files"

Enjoy Coding :-)

Laravel 7- A Quick Guide on Basic Operations

Laravel is one of the advanced and popular frameworks in php. Recently laravel released its version 7, so Iam noting some of the main features to check, while doing a basic CRUD projects.

1)ROUTING

In Laravel, the routing rules for application is  written in routes/web.php file. Here in Laravel 2 new types of methods has been introduced put and patch.so lets check how we can use those in routes.

Route::post($uri, $callback);

Route::put($uri, $callback);

Route::patch($uri, $callback);

Route::delete($uri, $callback);

Route::options($uri, $callback);

In Practical Cases:-

Route::get('cms/list','CmsController@list');

Here if the request comes for cms/list, it will go to CmsController and run the method list(). And you can see its a get request declared.

Consider If you want to store some data, then you have to call that particular method like:-

Route::post('cms/savepost','CmsController@savepost');

Consider if you want to edit a post, the ids passed will be dynamic. so the route will be like:-

Route::get('cms/edit/{id?}','CmsController@edit');

And in  edit method you can retrieve id as parameter and do the operations.

2) TERMINAL ACCESSS

In Laravel , you can make use of the inbuilt terminal come with that for performing many operations. For this you should have composer installed and configured PHP path. that you can search for how to do that. you can download and install from here:- https://getcomposer.org/

    (1)Creating Laravel Project

          

                 composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel projectname

          

    (2) For Starting Application 

                      

           php artisan serve

After this you can access your application at: http://127.0.0.1:8000/

   (3) Installing Builtin Authentication Library

           php artisan ui vue --auth

  (4) Syncing the Databases

       php artisan migrate

   (5) Making Controiller

   

      php artisan make:controller Controllername

  

   (6) Making Model

    

       php artisan make:model Modelname

    (7)Clearing Caches

      

 For fast operations, laravel is having a feature to save your config, views and routes in its cache. so sometimes after making changes ,it wont make any effect in your system. may be laravel is picking it from cache folder, so use these commands to clear those configurations.

       php artisan config:clear   - For Clearing config Cache files

       php artisan cache:clear    - For Clearing entire cache folder

       php artisan route:clear    - For Clearing route Cache

       php artisan view:clear     - For Clearing view Cache

       php artisan optimize       - For Optimizing the application

   

3) DEFINING CONTROLLERS

In Laravel Controllers are placed in /app/Http/Controllers/ Folder.

In the top before declaring controller normally these namespaces we will be defining:-

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

For including additional helper files or models You can do like:-

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;

this is for including the Auth model

For Including a model defined in app folder named Cms.php.you can declare like:-

use App\Cms;

Declaring Controller will be like:-

class CmsController extends Controller

{

}

Define controller extending Controller class included through Name space.

4) DEFINING MODELS

Normally models are placed in app/ folder.

Before declaring model we have to include some namespaces like:-

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;

The model will be declared like:-

class Cms extends Model

{

}

We declare class by extending Model class which is included through namespace.

When we use Eloquent ORM, we have to define certain properties in this file:-

    protected $table = 'cms_pages';

Define the table name here

    protected $primaryKey = 'page_id';

Define the tables's primary key with this

    protected $guarded = [];

Normally Laravel needs to specify which fields are allowed for mass saving and all in the attribute protected $fillable. But if you declare $guarded variable to null, then all fields will be eligible for filling. If you want to restict certain features, you can define it in this variable separated by comma.

    public $timestamps = false;

Normally while saving or creating, laravel will always check for fields named created_at and updated_at in databases. If you don't want those fields, just declare $timestamps as false.

5)Usage of Middlewares

In Laravel, they have given a provision to include middleware. I will explain a scenario where we can use it. Suppose we are logged in admin panel and we require every pages inside admin panel to check whether admin is logged in otherwise redirect to login page. So normally in other frameworks, we have to check whether the admin is logged in manually. But here we can do it very easy way using middleware. 

For Authentication we have to first include  

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;

before the controller declaration. Then in the constructor method, we can put 

public function __construct()

{

    $this->middleware('auth');

}

This will autocheck before calling each functions whether its setted or not. You can do this in routes also for each route calling.But more easier way is this one.

6) LOADING MODELS IN CONTROLLERS

For Loading models in controllers we have to first include it on top of controller page. Normally models are placed in app/ folder. so we can call it like:-

use App\Cms;

If we are writing models inside model folder in App directory, then:-

use App\Models\Cms;

Now we can call the model by just writing like this:-

 $query=Cms::select('*');

 $query->where('page_id','=','1')->get();

This is scenario where we calling direct query functions.

For calling functions defined in models:-

  $cmsmodel = new Cms();

  $cmsmodel->unpublish_record($id);

Here its calling unpublish_record function defined in cms model.

7)LOADING MODELS IN VIEWS

WE can call model functions in views by using this:-

$record= App\Cms::where('page_id',$records->parent)->first();

echo $record->title;

8) GET & POST METHODS ACCESSING

We can check, whether a form is submitted or a value is submitted using:-

  if($request->has('submit')) {

    }

For accessing posted values:-

 $request->input('txtMenuTitle');

For getting this normally we have to include request parameter in function declaring.

public function store(Request $request)

    {

    }

And u have to include  use Illuminate\Http\Request;

in the top of controller file.

9)VALIDATION IN LARAVEL

For validating form we can set rules like:-

 $validatedData = $request->validate([

        'txtMenuTitle' => 'required',

        'txtParent' => 'required',

        'txtTitle' => 'required',

        'txtContent' => 'required',

    ]);

If the form doesn't fill all fields on submission, it will not execute further.

10)PAGINATION IN LARAVEL

For Laravel, we just have to call the paginate method by passing number of records per page. it will automatically do everything for you:-

For eg:-

        $query=Cms::select('*');

        $query->where('status','=','1');

        if($keyword!=''){

            $query->where('title', 'LIKE', "%{$keyword}%");

            $query->orWhere('page_title','LIKE', "%{$keyword}%");

            }

       $records=$query->paginate(10);

Here am Just explaining a scenario case, suppose you want to paginate a list of pages, which will be having keywords search also. we will do like this.We have to pass number of records per page into paginate function. 

In View you just have to put:-

<?php echo $pages->links();?>

So a pagination, which is styled in boostrap will appear.

11) LOADING VIEWS IN THE CONTROLLER FUNCTIONS

You can load views by calling:-

 return view('cms.list', $data);

Here views are stored in resources/app/views folder

So by calling this laravel will pick list.blade.php file stored in cms folder inside views.

12) BLADE TEMPLATING IN LARAVEL

In Laravel view files will be saved as extensions blade.php. This is laravels own templating language.

  i) For Loading css and js

     All Css, js, images are stored in public folder. So inorder to access from it put like:-

  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{asset('theme')}}/assets/css/bootstrap.min.css" />

Here boostrap.min.css is stored in public/theme/assets/css folder.

You can use same to access all the css, js, image  files stored in public folder.

  2)For accessing Images stored in Uploads folder

<img src="{{ URL::to('/') }}/uploads/image.jpg" width="150px" height="150px"  >

3) Extending a main layout in your view File

 @extends('layouts.main')

Our Theme will be having a normal layout for some pages and its content part will be changing for most pages. so in this case we can define a main layout file in views folder and extend it in our view file. here the view is extending main.blade.php stored in layouts folder in the view folder.

4)Defining Sections  in the layout Files

You can define sections in layout file and include it in the place you want it to appear.  This is used when u want to include a common sidebar. but it have to appear between the dynamic view pages.

so define sections like:-

@section('content')

// Design code here

@endsection

then call yield to display where you want:-

@yield('content')

This you can put in the main layout file, so the section content will be replaced in it while including the same.

5) Including template file

You can also include a theme file into the template using the syntax:-

@include('layouts.messagebar')

Here the messagebar.blade.php defined in the layouts folder will be included.

13) IMAGE UPLOADING IN LARAVEL

There are many functions inbuilt in laravel for managing the image uploads.

if ($request->hasFile('txtFile') && $request->file('txtFile')->isValid()) {

//$request->hasFile('txtFile') -this function checks, whether the //file has been submitted from the form.

//$request->file('txtFile')->isValid()- this function checks, whether //the file submitted is valid.

             //receiving file

            $file = $request->file('txtFile');

          //getting file values

   

            $fileorgname      =   $file->getClientOriginalName();

           $fileextension    =   $file->getClientOriginalExtension();

            $filerealpath     =   $file->getRealPath();

            $filesize         =   $file->getSize();

            $filememetype     =   $file->getMimeType();

              

           // defining allowed extensions

            $allowedextensions=array('jpg','jpeg','png','bmp','gif');

            

            //Checking whether uploaded file extension is matching the allowed extensions

            if (in_array($fileextension,$allowedextensions)) 

            { 

              // Getting the stored name and defining the path uploads in public folder to upload the file

              $imagename = $request->txtFile->store('uploads');  

              $imagename=str_replace('uploads/','',$imagename);

              $destinationPath = 'uploads';

//Storing the file to uploads folder 

              $file->move($destinationPath, $imagename);

            }   

    

          }

14)CRUD OPERATIONS IN LARAVEL

INSERT

$insertdata = array('title'=>$name,'content'=>$content',banner'=>$imagename)

Cms::create($insertdata);

Here already CMs model has been loaded and by initiating Cms model and passing the array to create function, the data will be inserted.

UPDATE

ORM

$insertdata = array('title'=>$name,'content'=>$content',banner'=>$imagename)

Cms::where('page_id',$id)->update($insertdata);

Query Builder

   DB::table('cms_pages')->where('page_id', $id)->update(['published' => 0]);

Here calling cms model and passing id and update array we can update records.

RETRIEVING

We can retrieve a single record or a group of records like this:-

ORM

$record= Cms::where('page_id',$id)->first();

QUERY Builder

For getting all:-         

$rec= DB::table('cms_pages')->get();

For retrieving with condition:- 

$rec=DB::table('cms_pages')->where('level', 1)->get();

DELETING

QUERY Builder  Function

 DB::table('cms_pages')->where('page_id', '=',$list[$i])->delete();

15) SESSIONS and FLASH Messages in Laravel

After saving data, if you want to show success or failure messages, the flash method in  session will be handy. 

we can set a flash variable in session like:-

 $request->session()->flash('msg', 'Selected Items Deleted!!');

We can check, whether that msg variable is set by calling:-

        if ($request->session()->has('msg')) {

       

         }

 For accessing the msg variable we can call like:-

     $data['errormsg']=$request->session()->get('msg');

 

Uploading Large Size Files to GITHUB through git

In Girhub , there is a limitation as users cannot upload files more than 25 mb. So in this cases we have to upload it through GIT. 

For windows you can download GIT by going to this URL;  https://git-scm.com/download/win.

After installing GIT. Open GIT GUI and create a repository.

Then select the folder where your project is lying

Click on Create, then a window will be opened same like this:-

Click on GIT Bash, You will get a terminal screen .Now we have to go to the github site and copy the repository which we want to commit the updates or upload files. So go the repository and copy the Url like this.

Now in your GIT terminal Follow these commands:-

  git remote add origin https://github.com/username/repository.git
 git add .
 git commit -m "Add existing file"
 git push -f origin master